Job Analysis: Job Description and Specification

Before understanding what job analysis is all about, it’s better to understand the terms related to job analysis. These are task, position, job and occupation.
Task: A task is defined as an action or a course of action done to produce desirable results. A task is part of a set of actions which accomplish a job, problem or assignment. So task is the unit for any specified job.
Position: A position is the group of similar tasks and responsibilities assigned to a particular. Position is commonly identified by the job title. Positions are defined on the basis of department or sector to which a particular belongs. Position of a person in marketing sector is different to that of finance.
Job: A group of positions those are similar at the level of work. Sometimes position = job, this is because no similar job exists. For example, there may be one personal manager in a small business because there is no similar position in that organization. Also we take large banks into account, there are many cashiers (one job) but works or tasks may not be similar (many positions).
Occupation: Occupation is the group of jobs that are similar within a particular industry or a country. Thus it is the category of work found similar in many firms. For example, Manager in banks has different jobs in comparison to Manager of an event.
TASK POSITION JOB OCCUPATION
Job Analysis may be defined as the analyzing a concerned job and determine in detail the particular objectives and requirements and relative importance of these duties. Job analysis is the process where judgments or decisions are made on the data collected on a job. There are many ways to collect data, the most common are interviewing persons on the job or watching the working environment through camera.
The job analysis may include these activities:
• reviewing the job responsibilities of current employees,
• doing Internet research and viewing sample job descriptions online or offline highlighting similar jobs,
• analyzing the work duties, tasks, and responsibilities that need to be accomplished by the employee filling the position,
• researching and sharing with other companies that have similar jobs, and
• articulation of the most important outcomes or contributions needed from the position.
The aspects of job analysis include: job description and job specification
1. Job Description: Job description is an organized, factual statement of the duties and responsibilities of a specific job. Thus it is the appropriate and authorized content of a job. Typically, they also include to whom the position reports, specifications such as the qualifications needed by the person in the job, salary range for the position, etc. Job descriptions are usually developed by conducting a job analysis, which includes examining the tasks and sequences of tasks necessary to perform the job. The analysis looks at the areas of knowledge and skills needed by the job. Normally job description today is meant for advertising purpose. Also, it is used to produce the ethics, rules and regulations practiced within an organization.
Effective Job description should:
 Indicate the scope and nature of the work.
 Should be clear regarding the work of the position, duties etc.
 Definition of unusual terms.
 The kind of work to be performed and degree of complexity.
 The degree of skill required.
 The extent of workers responsibility for each phase of work.
 Salary levels: Pay, D.A and other allowances and bonus.
 Supervision given and received.
 Conditions of work: location, time, speed of work, accuracy, health and accident hazards.
Job Description: What the job actually is!
• Job Specification: Job specification is judging and selecting a prospective candidate for a specific job. It is the written statement of qualifications, traits, physical and mental characteristics that a candidate must possess to qualify for the job and discharge his responsibilities effectively. Thus job specification should include
 Degree of education
 Desirable amount of experience in previous job.
 Specific skills required.
 Health considerations.
Job specifications should be able to specify the following specifications:
 Physical specifications: This includes the physical qualifications or capacities that vary on the job category. These include height, weight, age, weight lifting capacity, hearing capacity, machine operating conditions etc.
 Mental Specifications: This includes normally the ability to perform mathematical calculations, judgment ability, reading ability, degree of concentration etc.
 Emotional and Social Specifications: These hold importance for the post of manager. These include emotional stability, flexibility, social adaptability in human relationships, personal appearance including dress, posture etc.
 Behavioral Shape: Plays an important role in selecting candidates for higher level of jobs in the organizational hierarchy. This include research, creativity, self-reliance, dominance etc.

Reva:First Electric Car(EV) of India

Reva, as a car can be described as small, environmental friendly, cost effective, no parking tension and at last but not least a perfect driving component with your loved one.
Reva is India's first Electric Battery Operated Car. It was designed keeping in mind the need for the decrease of the pollution levels of the cities. Reva was introduced in India in 2001. Reva has received certification from (ARAI) Automotive Research Association of India and EEC (European Economic Community), which has led to the export of Reva's to UK. Reva has a life span of about 40,000 km and its running cost is approximately 40 paise per kilometer. Reva has the best safety features as well according to world standards of today. Reva offers you a wide variety of colors to choose from it's over 2000 shades and it can be customized as well.
Car description:
Manufacturer: REVA Electric Car Company
Door: 2 door hatchback
Fully automatic: no clutch, no gear
Tubeless tyres
Cost only 40paise/ km (company estimation)
Easy to use
Energy absorbing bumpers
Rear foldable seats
Payload: 227-240 kg
Top Speed: 80 km/h
Charge time: 100% in 8 hr
Length: 2.6 m
Width: 1.3 m
Height: 1.5 m

Future:
By 2009, high performance lithium-ion batteries are expected to be available for the latest model. A lithium- ion battery offers quick charging and will offer great speed. The anticipated new range for REVA with lithium- ion batteries is expected to be 112 km or more. With increase in oil prices and market financial crisis it seems to increase in the popularity of Reva. Also increase in the demand of cars in India day by day seems to be good for automobile industry.

Reva’s Investors profile
1. Global Environment Fund:
GEF was founded in 1990 by Dr. Jeffrey Leonard, President and CEO, and John Earhart, Chairman of the Board, on the principle that capital deployed with a disciplined approach in specific sectors can bring significant improvements to the environment and quality of life throughout the world. GEF has grown to be one of the premier global private equity groups investing in the environment. In recent years, the GEF investment team has completed more than 30 private equity or early-stage technology investments in businesses operating in a broad array of economic sectors and in all of the world’s major geographical regions. The Global Environment Fund (GEF) invests in businesses around the world that provide cost-effective solutions to environmental and energy challenges. The firm manages private equity dedicated to clean technology, emerging markets, and sustainable forestry, with approximately $1 billion in aggregate capital under management. GEF’s investors include prominent endowments, foundations, family offices, and pension funds.
The team invests in emerging markets across the globe, with a special emphasis on China, India, Brazil, Turkey, Mexico, South Africa, Southeast Asia, and Eastern Europe. GEF has a strong local and international support all over the world, in which YES Bank, Mumbai participate from India side.
2. Draper Fisher Jurvetson:
Draper Fisher Jurvetson (DFJ) is a venture capital firm based in Menlo Park, California with affiliate offices in more than 30 cities around the world and over $4.5 billion in capital commitments. Since its founding in 1985, DFJ has been proud to back over 500 companies across many sectors including such industry changing successes such as Hotmail (acquired by MSFT), Baidu (BIDU), Skype (acquired by EBAY), United Online (UNTD), Overture (acquired by YHOO), Athenahealth (ATHN), EnerNOC (ENOC), TicketsNow (acquired by TicketMaster), Feedburner (acquired by Google), Interwoven (IWOV), Four11 (acquired by YHOO), Parametric (PMTC), and Digidesign (acquired by AVID).
Official website of DFJ has everything for everyone. Weather you are enterprenuer, journalist or a job seeker, DFJ fulfills everyone's dream. If someone has a Business Plan, they can submit to DFJ to backup them. DFJ backs extraordinary entrepreneurs everywhere who set out to change the world.

Conclusion:
Thus Reva is like a dream comes true, especially for Chetan Maini. With present capacity of 6000/ yearly, company decides to expand its production capacity to 60,000. Company is also deciding to expand recently towards east India. Reva is getting huge incentives outside India in comparison to its home country. In Britain and Norway it sells as a G-Wiz, and is exempt from parking fees and road taxes. Japan gives a subsidy for electric car users while France waives taxes on electricity used to charge the car. So India should care its born and should take initiatives to promote it.

Reva: Born by Passion

Man behind Reva: Chetan Maini
Den: Bangalore
Passion: Flying remote controlled plane models and building cars from scratch.
Hobbies: Mountain Biking, Off road motorcycling, Hiking and Microlight flying.
Birth of passion: When he was in sixth standard, Manali built a remote control toy car and won a school prize.
Education: A mechanical engineer from University of Michigan
As the father of Reva: He was working up with Amerigon, an automobile company working on electric vehicle technology. And that is where the idea of Reva born.
Introduction to Home land: Maini introduced Reva in India in 2001.
Care taker of Reva: In 2006, Draper Fisher Jurveston and Global Environment Fund helped Reva with $ 20 million.
Current production capacity: 6,000.
Global presence: Britain, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Norway, Malta, Spain and Sri Lanka.